The Meaning of Life?

The old question What is the Meaning of Life? has become something of a joke -- not because it has been answered, but because it seems incapable of being answered.  Below I attempt to address the question, though perhaps I only add to the joke.

Meaning and purpose always relate a part to a whole.  A word has a meaning within a sentence, a spark plug has a purpose within a machine, a person has a purposeful or meaningful role within an organization, etc. 

When a person complains that his or her life seems to lacks a purpose, it usually means one of the following:

I.  We are not a part of groups with significant goals or purpose;

2. We are unhappy with our status within the groups to which we belong; or

3. We do not sense an overriding coherence to the events of our life (our life is like a set of words that don’t add up to a coherent sentence). 

From this brief sketch, I will assert the following: people who have a significant function in a variety of roles; who feel that they have a high level of status within groups that are important to them; and/or who have a sense that that their life is “on track”  – such people will seldom worry about or question the meaning of life.  On the other hand, a person in the opposite situation is much more likely to be troubled by this question.  This is to say that very often the problem of the meaning of life is really a form of anxiety over one’s lack of clear cut function, status, and goals.  The question resolves, or disappears if the person enters a “meaningful” relationship, becomes a parent, finds a desirable job, gains status, etc.

However, on occasion we might encounter a person who says, “I have all the social benefits, a good job, a wonderful family, social status, etc, but I am deeply troubled because none of seems to have any  purpose.”  Here the question moves from the purpose of one’s individual existence to the purpose of existence as a whole.  By and large, people have looked to religion for such a cosmic purpose, though many people no longer find religious solutions tenable.

Christianity, at least at the popular level, tells us that existence on this earth is only something of a trial run, and that the real existence is in another realm only accessible after death.  In this view, we must live our life a certain way and hold certain beliefs to get to this real existence.  This certainly does provide, for one who believes it, a clear idea of what the meaning of existence on earth is: live in such a way that you get to heaven.  Presumably once we get to this other life, we will no longer be troubled by the meaning of existence.  Most popular religions offer some sense of meaning or purpose to life, but most if not all suffer from the fact that you must believe un-provable and often absurd things in order to find that meaning. 

For one who believes that his or her individual existence ends at death, what can be the meaning of life?  Many find meaning in trying to make the world a better place.  But how does one make a meaningless world a better place?  You can try to eliminate human suffering, but people have always been willing to suffer a great deal for what they find meaningful. To make the world a better place, perhaps we have to make it a meaningful place; if the only meaning we can find is in trying to make the world a better place, we are caught in something of a paradox.

As a person who does not believe in an individual afterlife in any shape or form, I have found that the answer to question of the meaning of life is quite simply that life is the meaning of life.  Life is not a means to something else, it is the end towards which all other means lead.  As a part of a family, a culture, a career, I have a meaningful part to play in moving towards the accomplishment of objectives and goals meaningful to me and others.   But what further end could life per se have?  Life perpetuates life.   

As humans, though, we can live a shallow life or a deep life, a narrow life or a broad life; we can live selfishly or generously, distractedly or with focus.  At the popular level, religion may often lead people to believe that the goal of life is some form of afterlife; but at what might be called a more esoteric level, spirituality is often about living this life deeply and with focus.  To be holy is not merely about being more or less sinful, but about living life wholly and completely.  In these esoteric traditions, sin by definition is what keeps us from being whole.  

What are these traditions?  They are found in all the major religions, though they are often hidden. In Christianity we hear it in the statement that "the Kingdom of Heaven is within you."  The Taoist speak of living from the sense of mystery and wonder; Buddhists speak of Nirvana and Hindus of Samadhi.  These various experiences are all "unworldly," if one means by "worldly" the normal economic, social and personal concerns of everyday life.  But they take place in this world, in this life.  They are the results of disciplines leading to a more focused, intentional, deep and compassionate way of being.  In the view of these traditions, if there is a life after this one, such discipline will prepare us well for it. If not, we will have lived this one well.

I was educated at a time when notions of existential angst and the Theater of the Absurd were still current.  Even in the belief that life is the meaning of life, I cannot completely shake the feeling that there is something a bit absurd, a bit comical about it. But the spiritual traditions, and Taoism in particular, have given me a softer, more patient perspective on this sense of absurdity.  Perhaps the ultimate end our existence is something of a sublime old joke, but if it is, I at least want to be attentive enough to catch the joke and share a grand old chuckle with the cosmos.  Such a laugh has a way of taking all the angst out of the existential.